Metabolic Acidosis: Causes and Symptoms

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Metabolic Acidosis: Causes and Symptoms

Metabolic acidosis is a condition in which there is too much acid in the body fluids.

Causes

Metabolic acidosis occurs when the body produces too much acid. It can also occur when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body.

There are several types of metabolic acidosis: 

Diabetic acidosis develops when acidic substances, known as ketone bodies, build up in the body. This most often occurs with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes. It is also called diabetic ketoacidosis and DKA.
Hyperchloremic acidosis results from excessive loss of sodium bicarbonate from the body. This can occur with severe diarrhea.
Lactic acidosis results from a buildup of lactic acid. It can be caused by: Alcohol, Cancer, Exercising intensely, Liver failure, Medicines, such as salicylates, Prolonged lack of oxygen from shock, heart failure, or severe anemia, Seizures
Other causes of metabolic acidosis include:
• Kidney disease (distal renal tubular acidosis and proximal renal tubular acidosis)
• Poisoning by aspirin, ethylene glycol (found in antifreeze), or methanol
• Severe dehydration

Symptoms

Most symptoms are caused by the underlying disease or condition that is causing the metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis itself most often causes rapid breathing. Acting confused or very tired may also occur. Severe metabolic acidosis can lead to shock or death. In some situations, metabolic acidosis can be a mild, ongoing (chronic) condition.

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